Are you struggling to decide how to speak or write about autism? You’re right to do your research. The words you use can make or break your message. And choosing the wrong language type can rub others the wrong way, even when you have the best possible intentions.
Some of those who are on the spectrum feel very strongly about how others describe them. Others simply don’t care. Either way, getting a strong grasp of both identity-first and person-first language for autism is essential. It can help you address this group in a way that’s both caring and respectful.
Read on to find out why autism terminology matters and get a clear definition of both person-first and identity-first language. We’ll also give you clear, simple examples of both language types and offer useful guidance on which would be most appropriate in a given situation.
Why Autism Terminology Matters
The descriptive terminology we use shapes how we perceive others and how they view themselves. For people on the autism spectrum, the terms we choose can either affirm their identity or inadvertently distance them from it. That’s why this conversation—person-first language vs. identity-first language—is ongoing and evolving.
What is Identity-First Language for Autism?
Identity-first language emphasizes the condition before the person. When using this type of terminology, you’d reference someone as an “autistic person” instead of a “person with autism.” It’s understood that when you use this language, you’re acknowledging that someone’s diagnosis is a core part of who they are rather than something separate from them.
Here are a few other examples of identity-first language in practice:
- “Autistic child”
- “Autistic adult”
- “Autistic community”
Many autistic self-advocates prefer this approach. To them, autism isn’t a disorder to be wished away or cured. It’s a fundamental part of how they think, feel, and experience the world around them. Using identity-first language supports that perspective.
What is Person-First Language for Autism?
Person-first language turns identity-first language on its head, emphasizing the individual before the diagnosis (“person with autism” rather than “autistic person.”) This is a newer language style pushed by disability advocacy groups. They hope to decrease the stigma of autism by focusing more on the person and not the condition.
Person-first language involves phrasing like:
- “People with autism”
- “Individual with autism spectrum disorder”
- “Student with autism”
Some people—especially caregivers and clinicians—feel this phrasing helps ensure people are seen beyond their diagnosis. You’ll notice this language used in the professional sphere, especially in medical and academic settings.
Identity-First Language vs. Person-First Language: Which is Best for Autism?
Unfortunately, there’s no “right” answer. Many folks identify strongly as autistic and find identity-first empowering. Others may feel much more comfortable with person-first language, especially if they don’t want to feel like they’re defined by their diagnosis.
Whenever you’re not sure which type of language to choose, we urge you to go with identity-first language. Per many research studies, including one conducted in 2023 and published in the National Library of Medicine, the bulk of autistic adults favor identity-first language. So, if you find yourself writing or speaking about the entire autism community, identity-first is the way to go.
But whenever you’re in doubt, simply ask. Allow people to tell you how they want to be addressed, and do your best to accommodate them. We hope you found all the information you were looking for, and we wish you the best as you learn more about the autism community.
